![]() ![]() In surface mining (commonly called strip mining) for coal or other underground deposits, earth materials removed to expose the targeted deposit are piled up alongside the excavation site (commonly a strip mining pit) in spoil banks.Most commonly the term is used for the piles of waste earth materials removed during an excavation process. In Loos-en-Gohelle, in the former mining area of Pas-de-Calais, France, are a series of five very perfect cones, of which two rise 100 metres (330 ft) from the plain. ![]() Spoil tips may be conical in shape, and can appear as conspicuous features of the landscape, or they may be much flatter and eroded, especially if vegetation has established itself. The town of Liévin is on the left (picture taken in 2005). ![]() Physical description Spoil tips on the site Écopôle 11/19 in Loos-en-Gohelle (right). The phrase originates from the French word espoilelier, a verb conveying the meaning: to seize by violence, to plunder, to take by force. Spoil is distinct from tailings, which is the processed material that remains after the valuable components have been extracted from ore. Clean spoil may be used for land reclamation. Such material may be ordinary soil and rocks (after separation of coal from waste), or may be heavily contaminated with chemical waste, determining how it may be disposed of. The term "spoil" is also used to refer to material removed when digging a foundation, tunnel, or other large excavation. Spoil tips are not formed of slag, but in some areas, such as England and Wales, they are referred to as slag heaps. These waste materials are typically composed of shale, as well as smaller quantities of Carboniferous sandstone and other residues. Botayama (spoil tip) in Iizuka City, Japan, in the 1950s Spoil pile in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania Spoil tip at Jägersfreude, SaarbrückenĪ spoil tip (also called a boney pile, culm bank, gob pile, waste tip or bing) is a pile built of accumulated spoil – waste material removed during mining. For other uses, see Spoil (disambiguation). ![]()
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